Keyframe

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A Keyframe holds the Poses applied to joints in a Model at a given point of time in an animation. Keyframes are interpolated between during animation playback.

Note, in most cases developers do not need to manipulate KeyframeSequences as the animation editor covers most animation functionality. However, in some cases a developer may wish to generate an animation from a Script or build their own plugin.

Structure

Keyframes are held within a KeyframeSequence and contain Pose objects. The poses are named in accordance with the BaseParts they correspond to and are structured in terms of joint hierarchy. This means each Pose is parented to the Pose corresponding to the part it is attached to.

Note, as Poses are named in accordance with the BaseParts they correspond to, animations require distinct part names to play correctly.

Interpolation

During animation playback the poses in different keyframes are interpolated between. This allows a smooth animation to be created without needing to define every frame. Note, the style of interpolation is determined in the Pose object. The Keyframe object merely holds the Poses at a defined point of time in the animation (Keyframe.Time).

Code Samples

This sample includes a function that will generate a 'blank' keyframe containing blank poses for all of the model's connected parts in the correct hierarchical order.

Keyframe Generate Poses
local function generateKeyframe(model)

	if not model.PrimaryPart then

		warn("No primary part set")

		return

	end



	local rootPart = model.PrimaryPart:GetRootPart()



	if not rootPart then

		warn("Root part not found")

		return

	end



	local partsAdded = {}

	partsAdded[rootPart] = true



	local function addPoses(part, parentPose)

		-- get all of the joints attached to the part

		for _, joint in pairs(part:GetJoints()) do

			-- we're only interested in Motor6Ds

			if joint:IsA("Motor6D") then

				-- find the connected part

				local connectedPart = nil

				if joint.Part0 == part then

					connectedPart = joint.Part1

				elseif joint.Part1 == part then

					connectedPart = joint.Part0

				end

				if connectedPart then

					-- make sure we haven't already added this part

					if not partsAdded[connectedPart] then

						partsAdded[connectedPart] = true

						-- create a pose

						local pose = Instance.new("Pose")

						pose.Name = connectedPart.Name

						parentPose:AddSubPose(pose)

						-- recurse

						addPoses(connectedPart, pose)

					end

				end

			end

		end

	end



	local keyframe = Instance.new("Keyframe")



	-- populate the keyframe

	local rootPose = Instance.new("Pose")

	rootPose.Name = rootPart.Name

	addPoses(rootPart, rootPose)

	keyframe:AddPose(rootPose)



	return keyframe

end



local character = script.Parent



local keyframe = generateKeyframe(character)



print(keyframe)

Summary

Properties

  • Time:number
    Read Parallel

    The Keyframe time position (in seconds) in an animation. This determines the time at which the Poses inside the keyframe will be shown.

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Methods

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Properties

Time

number
Read Parallel

Code Samples

Get KeyframeSequence Length
local function getSequenceLength(keyframeSequence)

	local length = 0

	for _, keyframe in pairs(keyframeSequence:GetKeyframes()) do

		if keyframe.Time > length then

			length = keyframe.Time

		end

	end

	return length

end



local keyframeSequence = Instance.new("KeyframeSequence")



getSequenceLength(keyframeSequence)
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Methods

AddMarker

()

Parameters

marker: Instance

Returns

()

Code Samples

Add Marker/Remove Marker
local keyframe = Instance.new("Keyframe")

keyframe.Parent = workspace



local marker = Instance.new("KeyframeMarker")

marker.Name = "FootStep"

marker.Value = 100



keyframe:AddMarker(marker) --marker.Parent = keyframe



task.wait(2)



keyframe:RemoveMarker(marker) --marker.Parent = nil

AddPose

()

Parameters

pose: Instance

Returns

()

Code Samples

Keyframe Generate Poses
local function generateKeyframe(model)

	if not model.PrimaryPart then

		warn("No primary part set")

		return

	end



	local rootPart = model.PrimaryPart:GetRootPart()



	if not rootPart then

		warn("Root part not found")

		return

	end



	local partsAdded = {}

	partsAdded[rootPart] = true



	local function addPoses(part, parentPose)

		-- get all of the joints attached to the part

		for _, joint in pairs(part:GetJoints()) do

			-- we're only interested in Motor6Ds

			if joint:IsA("Motor6D") then

				-- find the connected part

				local connectedPart = nil

				if joint.Part0 == part then

					connectedPart = joint.Part1

				elseif joint.Part1 == part then

					connectedPart = joint.Part0

				end

				if connectedPart then

					-- make sure we haven't already added this part

					if not partsAdded[connectedPart] then

						partsAdded[connectedPart] = true

						-- create a pose

						local pose = Instance.new("Pose")

						pose.Name = connectedPart.Name

						parentPose:AddSubPose(pose)

						-- recurse

						addPoses(connectedPart, pose)

					end

				end

			end

		end

	end



	local keyframe = Instance.new("Keyframe")



	-- populate the keyframe

	local rootPose = Instance.new("Pose")

	rootPose.Name = rootPart.Name

	addPoses(rootPart, rootPose)

	keyframe:AddPose(rootPose)



	return keyframe

end



local character = script.Parent



local keyframe = generateKeyframe(character)



print(keyframe)
Keyframe Add/Remove Pose
local keyframe = Instance.new("Keyframe")

keyframe.Parent = workspace



local pose = Instance.new("Pose")

pose.EasingStyle = Enum.PoseEasingStyle.Cubic

pose.EasingDirection = Enum.PoseEasingDirection.Out



local pose2 = Instance.new("Pose")

pose2.EasingStyle = Enum.PoseEasingStyle.Cubic

pose2.EasingDirection = Enum.PoseEasingDirection.Out



keyframe:AddPose(pose) -- pose.Parent = keyframe



task.wait(2)



keyframe:RemovePose(pose) -- pose.Parent = nil



task.wait(2)



keyframe:AddPose(pose) -- pose.Parent = keyframe



task.wait(2)



pose:AddSubPose(pose2) -- pose2.Parent = pose



task.wait(2)



pose:RemoveSubPose(pose2) -- pose2.Parent = nil

GetMarkers

Instances

Returns

Instances

Code Samples

Get Keyframe Markers Attached to a Keyframe
local keyframe = Instance.new("Keyframe")

keyframe.Parent = workspace



local marker1 = Instance.new("KeyframeMarker")

marker1.Name = "FootStep"

marker1.Value = 100



local marker2 = Instance.new("KeyframeMarker")

marker2.Name = "Wave"

marker2.Value = 100



keyframe:AddMarker(marker1) --marker.Parent = keyframe

keyframe:AddMarker(marker2) --marker.Parent = keyframe



local markers = keyframe:GetMarkers()

for _, marker in pairs(markers) do

	print(marker.Name)

end

GetPoses

Instances

Returns

Instances

Code Samples

Keyframe Reset Poses
local function resetPoses(parent)

	-- both functions are equivalent to GetChildren

	local poses = parent:IsA("Keyframe") and parent:GetPoses() or parent:IsA("Pose") and parent:GetSubPoses()



	for _, pose in pairs(poses) do

		if pose:IsA("Pose") then

			pose.CFrame = CFrame.new()

			-- recurse

			resetPoses(pose)

		end

	end

end

RemoveMarker

()

Parameters

marker: Instance

Returns

()

Code Samples

Add Marker/Remove Marker
local keyframe = Instance.new("Keyframe")

keyframe.Parent = workspace



local marker = Instance.new("KeyframeMarker")

marker.Name = "FootStep"

marker.Value = 100



keyframe:AddMarker(marker) --marker.Parent = keyframe



task.wait(2)



keyframe:RemoveMarker(marker) --marker.Parent = nil

RemovePose

()

Parameters

pose: Instance

Returns

()

Code Samples

Keyframe Add/Remove Pose
local keyframe = Instance.new("Keyframe")

keyframe.Parent = workspace



local pose = Instance.new("Pose")

pose.EasingStyle = Enum.PoseEasingStyle.Cubic

pose.EasingDirection = Enum.PoseEasingDirection.Out



local pose2 = Instance.new("Pose")

pose2.EasingStyle = Enum.PoseEasingStyle.Cubic

pose2.EasingDirection = Enum.PoseEasingDirection.Out



keyframe:AddPose(pose) -- pose.Parent = keyframe



task.wait(2)



keyframe:RemovePose(pose) -- pose.Parent = nil



task.wait(2)



keyframe:AddPose(pose) -- pose.Parent = keyframe



task.wait(2)



pose:AddSubPose(pose2) -- pose2.Parent = pose



task.wait(2)



pose:RemoveSubPose(pose2) -- pose2.Parent = nil
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Events

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