Loops and Arrays | Documentazione

Arrays can be combined with loops, such as while and for, to repeat the same code for each indexed value. For example, teleporting each player in an array to a new place or making an array of parts catch fire.

To explore looping through arrays, create a disappearing bridge path where parts are placed into an array and then made to vanish one by one.

Looping through an Array

For the project, find or create a set of three parts to make disappear. The parts must all be anchored.

Create three parts. Name the parts in the order they should disappear, Part1, Part2, Part3.
In ServerScriptService, insert a new script and create an array to store the parts.
```
local pathArray = {
}
```

On a single line each, type the name of the parts in the order they should disappear. Using a new line for each value makes it easier to read.


local pathArray = {
	workspace.Part1,
	workspace.Part2,
	workspace.Part3,
}

Using a for Loop With an Array

Use a for loop to go through the array and control how fast the parts should disappear in the order the parts are indexed within the array.

To control how often a part disappears in seconds, create a variable named VANISH_RATE. For testing, it's best to keep it to a small number.
```
local VANISH_RATE = 1.5

local pathArray = {
	workspace.Part1,
	workspace.Part2,
	workspace.Part3
}
```
Constants are variables that shouldn't be changed by any other code in the script. They're likely to need adjusting and are put at the top of the script in ALL_CAPS to make them easy to spot.
Create a for loop with the following: Start: partIndex = 1, the index of the first value in the array. End: #pathArray, the size of that array.
```
for partIndex = 1, #pathArray  do

end
```

So there's a delay before a part disappears, in the loop, add a task.wait() using VANISH_RATE.


for partIndex = 1, #pathArray  do
   task.wait(VANISH_RATE)
end

To get a part to disappear, create a new variable named whichPart and set it equal to partsArray[partIndex]. Then, to disappear that part, set it's CanCollide property to false and Transparency to 1.


for partIndex = 1, #pathArray  do
   task.wait(VANISH_RATE)
   local whichPart = pathArray[partIndex]
   whichPart.CanCollide = false
   whichPart.Transparency = 1
end

Check that parts of the path disappear over time.

Troubleshooting Tips

If the bridge doesn't disappear, check the possible issues below:

Issue: Parts disappear too fast or are all gone at the start.

Depending on how fast your character loads into the experience, the first parts may already be invisible. To address this, add a small wait, such as task.wait(2), at the start of the script.

Coding the Second Loop

Right now, the parts disappear forever. To make them reappear, create a second for loop that will go through each part and instantly make each piece walkable.

After the first loop, add a task.wait() to create a short delay before the path reappears.


for partIndex = 1, #pathArray  do
	task.wait(VANISH_RATE)
	local whichPart = pathArray[partIndex]
	whichPart.CanCollide = false
	whichPart.Transparency = 1
end

task.wait(1)

On your own, try coding a second for loop that makes the path usable again by changing each part's CanCollide property to true and Transparency to 0. When finished, check your work against the code below.


-- Reset the path by making all parts walkable again
for partIndex = 1, #pathArray do
   local whichPart = pathArray[partIndex]
   whichPart.CanCollide = true
   whichPart.Transparency = 0
end

Unanchored parts will fall through the baseplate when CanCollide is false. If the parts aren't reappearing, and there are no Output errors, anchor the parts and test again.

Test the project to confirm that once all parts disappear, they come back.

Repeating with a While Loop

The parts disappear and reappear, but only once. To make the code keep repeating, nest all of the code within a while loop.

At the bottom of the script, create a new while true do loop. Then, move both for loops into the while loop.


while true do
   -- Make a part disappear from the array in order
	for partIndex = 1, #pathArray  do
		task.wait(VANISH_RATE)
		local whichPart = pathArray[partIndex]
		whichPart.CanCollide = false
		whichPart.Transparency = 1
	end

	-- Wait for a second before making the path reappear
	task.wait(1)

	-- Reset the path by making all parts walkable again
	for partIndex = 1, #pathArray do
		local whichPart = pathArray[partIndex]
		whichPart.CanCollide = true
		whichPart.Transparency = 0
	end
end

Check that once all parts disappear, they reappear.

A finished version of the project can be downloaded.

Completed script
local VANISH_RATE = 1.0

local pathArray = {
	workspace.Part1,
	workspace.Part2,
	workspace.Part3,
}

while true do
	-- Make a part disappear from the array in order
	for partIndex = 1, #pathArray  do
		task.wait(VANISH_RATE)
		local whichPart = pathArray[partIndex]
		whichPart.CanCollide = false
		whichPart.Transparency = 1
	end

	-- Wait for a second before making the path reappear
	task.wait(1.0)

	-- Reset the path by making all parts walkable again
	for partIndex = 1, #pathArray do
		local whichPart = pathArray[partIndex]
		whichPart.CanCollide = true
		whichPart.Transparency = 0
	end
end

Arrays and ipairs()

ipairs() is used with arrays. The "i" in ipairs() stands for "index." ipairs() can be used to quickly repeat an operation on a lot of objects, like, say, a folder full of parts.

This will be demonstrated by quickly adding particles to a whole folder of parts.

In Workspace, create a folder named PartsFolder. Add as many parts as you like.
In ServerScriptService, Create a new script and reference the folder.

Use GetChildren() to automatically get an array listing all the objects in the folder.


local partsFolder = workspace.PartsFolder

-- Gets an array listing the parts in PartsFolder
local partsArray = partsFolder:GetChildren()

Use in ipairs(ArrayToUse) with the for loop to go through partsArray and add particles.

Completed script
-- Gets an array listing the parts in PartsFolder
local partsArray = partsFolder:GetChildren()

-- Adds particles to every part in the array
for index, part in ipairs(partsArray) do
	local particles = Instance.new("ParticleEmitter")
	particles.Parent = part
end

Playtest and watch the particles float up from every part in the folder.

Summary

Loops can be combined with arrays to work with any number of values quickly. If you want to have exact control over what happens to a few parts and in what order, an array must be hard-coded with specific values.

To work with many parts where order doesn't matter, GetChildren() can create an array of an object's children. Utilizing ipairs(), the list can be quickly iterated over without knowing the array's size.